Supreme Court judgments on Consumer Protection Act, 1986

78 judgments, latest first, from 2018 to 2026. Listed when the Supreme Court Reports file the judgment's headnote under this Act, as printed at the start of the headnote. Judgments that only mention it in passing are not listed.

Sections

Section 2 24 Section 12 7 Section 13 7 Section 21 5 Section 23 8

Kumud Lall vs Suresh Chandra Roy (Dead) Through Lrs and Others

SC · 4 May 2026

[2026] 5 S.C.R. 301 : 2026 INSC 443

Issue arose whether, upon death of the doctor during pendency of proceedings at appellate stage, the legal heirs can be impleaded and held liable for the alleged act of medical negligence of the deceased doctor, and if y…

Sant Rohidas Leather Industries and Charmakar Development Corporation Ltd. vs Vijaya Bank

SC · 19 March 2026

[2026] 4 S.C.R. 221 : 2026 INSC 264

Whether the appellant, a body corporate, while availing services of the Bank to deposit its surplus funds in an interest bearing term deposit, such as a Fixed Deposit Receipt (FDR), could be considered a consumer as defi…

ITC Limited vs Aashna Roy

SC · 6 February 2026

[2026] 2 S.C.R. 455 : 2026 INSC 135

Issue arose whether the National Commission was justified in awarding a compensation of ₹2 crores to the respondent-model for a faulty haircut she took at the beauty salon in the appellant’s Hotel.

Vinit Bahri and Another vs M/s MGF Developers Ltd. and Another

SC · 4 February 2026

[2026] 2 S.C.R. 370 : 2026 INSC 114

Whether the NCDRC was right in dismissing the complaint filed by the appellants on the premise that they do not fall under the definition of ‘consumer’ for leasing out the subject property for commercial purposes, fallin…

M/s Poly Medicure Ltd. vs M/s Brillio Technologies Pvt. Ltd

SC · 13 November 2025

[2025] 12 S.C.R. 189 : 2025 INSC 1314

Whether in respect of the goods purchased/services availed, the appellant would qualify as a “consumer” as defined in s.2(1)(d) of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Gopal Dikshit vs United India Insurance Company Ltd.

SC · 19 May 2025

[2025] 7 S.C.R. 14 : 2025 INSC 731

Matter pertains to the correctness of the order passed by the National Commission dismissing complaint filed by appellant; and whether the cause of loss to the premises is due to the seepage water or the heavy rains in D…

Akshay Gupta & Anr. vs ICICI Bank Limited & Ors.

SC · 25 March 2025

[2025] 3 S.C.R. 1122 : 2025 INSC 391

The three parties herein are the borrower/flat owners, the builder and the Bank – the lender. There were defaults at the end of each parties. However, same has been settled. Only three small issues have been flagged by t…

M/s Citicorp Finance (India) Limited vs Snehasis Nanda

SC · 20 March 2025

[2025] 3 S.C.R. 866 : 2025 INSC 371

Whether on facts, the complainant-respondent would come under the definition of ‘consumer’ in terms of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986; whether any liability rested on the appellant to disburse the entire amount of Rs.…

Saranga Anilkumar Aggarwal vs Bhavesh Dhirajlal Sheth & Ors.

SC · 4 March 2025

[2025] 3 S.C.R. 325 : 2025 INSC 314

Whether the execution of penalty orders passed by the NCDRC can be stayed under the interim moratorium provisions of s.96 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.

The Chief Manager, Central Bank of India & Ors. vs M/s Ad Bureau Advertising Pvt. Ltd & Anr.

SC · 28 February 2025

[2025] 2 S.C.R. 1445 : 2025 INSC 288

Issue arose as to whether the borrower of a project loan, falls within the definition of ‘Consumer’ under the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Godrej Projects Development Limited vs Anil Karlekar & Ors.

SC · 3 February 2025

[2025] 2 S.C.R. 343 : 2025 INSC 143

Whether the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) was justified in disposing of the consumer complaint filed by the respondents no. 1 and 2 thereby directing the appellant to deduct only 10% of the Basi…

Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corp. Ltd. vs Awaz & Ors.

SC · 20 December 2024

[2024] 12 S.C.R. 1482 : 2024 INSC 1044

(i) Whether the Respondent organization had the locus to approach the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC); (ii) Whether the NCDRC had the jurisdiction to interfere with banking operations, which is th…

Bherulal Bhimaji Oswal(D) by Lrs. vs Madhusudan N. Kumbhare

SC · 19 December 2024

[2024] 12 S.C.R. 1875 : 2024 INSC 1035

(1) Whether the Respondent was guilty of medical negligence in the post-operative care of the Appellant; (2) Whether the Appellant's actions (changing his own bandage) contributed to the infection and absolved the Respon…

Dr. Vijay Dixit & Ors. vs Pagadal Krishna Mohan & Ors.

SC · 22 August 2024

[2024] 8 S.C.R. 768 : 2024 INSC 627

Whether the application(s) seeking condonation of delay to file written statement preferred before the consumer fora prior to 04.03.2020 i.e., the date of pronouncement of New India Assurance 2, must be decided on merits…

M/s Daimler Chrysler India Pvt. Ltd. vs M/s Controls & Switchgear Company Ltd. & Anr.

SC · 9 July 2024

[2024] 7 S.C.R. 416 : 2024 INSC 496

Issue arose as regards the purchase of a vehicle/good by a Company for the use/personal use of its directors, if would amount to purchase for “commercial purpose” within the meaning of s. 2(1) (d) of the Consumer Protect…

United India Insurance Co. Ltd. vs M/s Hyundai Engineering & Construction Co. Ltd. & Ors.

SC · 16 May 2024

[2024] 6 S.C.R. 355 : 2024 INSC 431

Matter pertains to the correctness of the decision by the National Commission which directed the appellant-insurer to release and pay an insurance claim to the respondent-contractor for the collapse of the bridge.

Bar of Indian Lawyers Through its President Jasbir Singh Malik vs D. K. Gandhi PS National Institute of Communicable Diseases and Anr.

SC · 14 May 2024

[2024] 6 S.C.R. 484 : 2024 INSC 410

Matter pertains to whether a complaint alleging “deficiency in service” against advocates practising legal profession, would be maintainable under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 as reenacted in 2019; whether “Service”…

Shriram Chits (India) Private Limited Earlier Known as Shriram Chits (K) Pvt. Ltd vs Raghachand Associates

SC · 10 May 2024

[2024] 6 S.C.R. 214 : 2024 INSC 403

Matter pertains to the maintainability of the complaint, whether the service obtained by the complainant was for a commercial purpose.

Mrs. Bhumikaben N. Modi & Ors. vs Life Insurance Corporation of India

SC · 8 May 2024

[2024] 6 S.C.R. 452 : 2024 INSC 395

Whether the issuance of Acceptance-cum-First Premium Receipt gave rise to a presumption of acceptance of the policy by the insurer; whether the NCDRC was justified in dismissing the appellants’ complaint and reversing th…

Jyoti Devi vs Suket Hospital & Ors.

SC · 23 April 2024

[2024] 4 S.C.R. 757 : 2024 INSC 330

Post surgery of appendicitis at respondent hospital, the claimantappellant suffered continuous pains near the surgical site. Eventually upon investigation, it was found that a 2.5 cm needle was present in the abdomen and…

Yash Raj Films Private Limited vs Afreen Fatima Zaidi & Anr.

SC · 22 April 2024

[2024] 5 S.C.R. 143 : 2024 INSC 328

Respondent no.1-complainant decided to go to watch a movie on the silver screen with her family. However, she found that the movie did not contain the song, which was widely circulated for promoting and publicising the m…

Rajesh Monga vs Housing Development Finance Corporation Limited & Ors.

SC · 4 March 2024

[2024] 3 S.C.R. 1 : 2024 INSC 162

Whether an adjustable rate of interest on home loan would apply based only on the rate of interest being fixed/altered by RBI or the rate of interest fixed/ altered by respondent No.1-Bank.

Najrul Seikh vs Dr. Sumit Banerjee & Anr.

SC · 22 February 2024

[2024] 2 S.C.R. 1065 : 2024 INSC 184

Whether the State Commission and the National Commission were justified in exonerating the respondents-doctors of all the charges of misconduct/medical negligence in performing the cataract surgery of complainant’s son l…

Case Details New India Assurance Co. Ltd. & Ors. vs M/s. Mudit Roadways

SC · 24 November 2023

[2023] 13 S.C.R. 1027 : 2023 INSC 1022

Whether the National Commission was justified in allowing the fire insurance claim of the insured against the insurance company.

Rohit Chaudhary & Anr. vs M/s Vipul Ltd.

SC · 6 September 2023

[2023] 14 S.C.R. 394 : 2023 INSC 807

The interpretation of the word and expression “Commercial Purpose” defined u/s. 2(1)(d) of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Alpha G184 Owners Association vs Magnum International Trading Company Pvt. Ltd.

SC · 15 May 2023

[2023] 5 S.C.R. 861 : 2023 INSC 536

Consumer Protection Act, 1986: ss. 12(1)(a), 13(6) – Procedure on admission of a complaint – Joint complaint by numerous consumers without representative capacity – Permissibility of – On facts, appellant-association of…

National Insurance Co. Ltd. vs Harsolia Motors and Others

SC · 13 April 2023

[2023] 3 S.C.R. 448 : 2023 INSC 367

Consumer Protection Act, 1986 – s.2(1)(d) – Respondent (commercial enterprise) had taken fire insurance policy from the appellant insurance company – Respondent sufferred damage due to fire – Appellant denied the claim o…

The Chairman & Managing Director, City Union Bank Ltd. & Anr. vs R. Chandramohan

SC · 27 March 2023

[2023] 3 S.C.R. 688 : 2023 INSC 300

Consumer Protection Act, 1986 – s.2(1)(g) – Respondentcomplainant filed a complaint against the appellants-bank alleging that two demand drafts of Rs.5 lakhs and Rs.3 lakhs, totalling Rs.8 lakhs, were not credited to his…

M/s Texco Marketing Pvt. Ltd. vs Tata Aig General Insurance Company Ltd. & Ors.

SC · 9 November 2022

[2022] 9 S.C.R. 1031 : 2022 INSC 1186

Consumer Protection Act, 1986 – ss. 2(1)(g), 2(1)(r), 3 & 14 – Consumer Protection Regulations, 2005 – Consumer Protection Act, 2019 – ss. 2(46), 2(47), 47, 49 & 59 – Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (Prote…

Chandigarh Nursing Home and Anr. vs Sukhdeep Kaur

SC · 9 September 2022

[2022] 7 S.C.R. 432 : 2022 INSC 943

Consumer Protection Act, 1986 – s.21(b) – Constitution of India – Article 142 – Respondent, a minor suffered from wrong diagnosis and treatment leading to rashes on her body beyond control – Complaint filed by her throug…

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