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Criminal · Reportable judgment

N. Eswaranathan vs State Represented By The Deputy Superintendent of Police

Court
Supreme Court of India
Date
17 April 2025
Case No.
SLP (Criminal) Diary No. 55057/2024
Bench
Bela M. Trivedi, Satish Chandra Sharma
Citation
[2025] 5 S.C.R. 128 : 2025 INSC 509
Acts & Sections
IPC §147 IPC §342 IPC §149 IPC §355 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes… §3(2)(iii) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes… §3(1)(v)
Supreme Court Reports [2025] 5 S.C.R. 128 : 2025 INSC 509
Issue for consideration
Misconduct committed by Advocates. The Advocates offered an absolute and unconditional apology. Whether the advocates are worthy of pardon.
Headnote

Supreme Court Rules, 2013 – Rule 10 of Order IV – Advocateon-Record – Misconduct – Apology – Divergent opinions expressed by the Bench:

Held: [Per Court] In view of the divergent opinions expressed by the Bench on the issue of acceptance of the apology tendered by the concerned Advocates, the matter directed to be placed before the Hon’ble Chief Justice of India for appropriate orders. Supreme Court Rules, 2013 – Rule 10 of Order IV – Advocateon-Record (AOR) found guilty of misconduct or of conduct unbecoming of an AOR – The AOR has misused the process of law by filing the second SLP that is the present one on behalf of the petitioner after the dismissal of the first SLP, challenging the same impugned Judgment passed by the High Court – The AOR, instead of giving correct legal advice to the petitioner, has himself filed various applications with his own signatures and with the affidavits sworn by his colleague (advocate) on behalf of the petitioner and that too without stating the correct facts: Held: [Per Bela M. Trivedi, J.] In view of the findings, and taking recourse to the provisions contained in Order IV Rule 10 of the Supreme Court Rules, 2013, and following the precedent set by Three Judge Bench in Mohit Chaudhary, Advocate, Re, it is directed that the name of the AOR in question to be removed from the Register of Advocates-on-Record for a period of one month – Further, it is directed that the colleague-Advocate of AOR to pay a cost of Rs.1,00,000/- and deposit the same with the SCAORA to be utilized for the welfare of the Advocates. [Para 20] – Per Satish Chandra Sharma, J.: Though the conduct of the Advocates has been reprehensible and not worthy of being pardoned, however, considering the plea made by the Senior Advocates, Office Bearers of the Supreme Court Bar Association (SCBA) and Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association (SCAORA) and keeping in mind the absolute and unconditional apology tendered by the Advocates expressing remorse and promise made by them not to repeat the misconduct in future, the unconditional apology tendered by them is accepted and they are warned of and directed to be careful in not repeating any such misconduct in future. [Para 8]

As published in the Supreme Court Reports, Supreme Court of India. Headnotes prepared by: Ankit Gyan ** Common order of the Bench.. Text from the Indian Supreme Court Judgments open data set (Dattam Labs), CC BY 4.0.

Headnote AI-drafted · Reviewed and approved
The Supreme Court was seized of a Special Leave Petition filed by the Petitioner challenging the High Court's judgment dated 29.09.2023 which had dismissed his criminal appeal arising out of conviction by the Sessions Court at Dharmapuri for offences under Sections 147, 342 read with 149 and 355 of the Indian Penal Code and Sections 3(2)(iii), 3(1)(v) and 3(1)(x) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. It was found that the present SLP (Second SLP) was filed by the Petitioner through the same Advocate-on-Record, challenging the same impugned judgment, despite an earlier SLP on the identical subject matter having been dismissed by the Court on 29.04.2024 with a specific direction to surrender within two weeks, thereby constituting a brazen attempt to misuse the process of court and to circumvent the earlier order.

The Court noticed that the Advocate-on-Record Mr. P. Soma Sundaram and the Arguing Counsel Mr. S. Muthukrishnan had made incorrect statements in the Synopsis of the SLP and had filed various interlocutory applications seeking exemptions, thereby distracting the course of administration of justice. The conduct of the Advocates was examined in the context of their duties as Officers of the Court, and an unconditional apology tendered by the concerned Advocates was considered. The Bench expressed divergent opinions on the question of acceptance of the said apology.

In view of the divergence of opinion between the two Judges on the issue of acceptance of the apology tendered by the concerned Advocates, the matter was directed to be placed before the Hon'ble Chief Justice of India for appropriate orders. The judgment extensively discussed the obligations of Advocates as Officers of the Court, the misuse of court processes, and the need for strict compliance with the Supreme Court Rules, 2013.
Catchwords: Special Leave Petition · misuse of process of court · second SLP on same subject matter · Advocate-on-Record · incorrect statements in synopsis · unconditional apology · Officers of Court · contempt · Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act · divergent opinions · reference to Chief Justice of India · surrender direction · vexatious petition

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Full Judgment Text

[Cites 19, Cited by 0] Supreme Court of India N. Eswaranathan vs State Represented By The Deputy ... on 17 April, 2025 Author: Bela M. Trivedi Bench: Bela M. Trivedi IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA 2025 INSC 509 CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION SLP (CRIMINAL) Diary No(s). 55057/2024 N. ESWARANATHAN Petitioner(s) VERSUS STATE REPRESENTED BY THE DEPUTY Respondent(s) SUPERINTENDENT OF POLICE O R D E R In view of the divergent opinions expressed by us on the issue of acceptance of the apology tendered by the concerned Advocates, the matter be placed before the Hon’ble Chi
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