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Supreme Court and High Courts judgments on Circumstantial evidence

173 judgments, latest first, from 2018 to 2026. A judgment is listed here when its headnote names this subject: the Supreme Court Reports' own headnote (naming the subject), or an AI-written headnote that was reviewed and approved. A mention in the full text alone does not count.

Santosh Gurung vs State of Sikkim
SC · 1 October 2026
[2026] 10 S.C.R. 259 : 2026 INSC 1073
Whether the conviction of the appellant solely on the basis of circumstantial evidence ought to be interfered with since the chain of circumstances is not complete and the appellant be given the benefit of doubt; whether…
Sahab Singh alias Sat Pal vs State of Haryana
SC · 2 September 2026
[2026] 9 S.C.R. 402 : 2026 INSC 945
Whether the prosecution failed to establish the guilt of the accused, held guilty of the offences punishable u/ss.302, 201 and 377 of the Penal Code, 1860, beyond reasonable doubt and the benefit of the same ought to be…
Papan Sarkar @ Pranab vs State of West Bengal
SC · 22 May 2026
[2026] 6 S.C.R. 592 : 2026 INSC 528
Whether the order of conviction by the Trial Court, affirmed by the High Court, based on the circumstances of the last seen together theory, extra-judicial confession, recovery of the objects used as weapons and a motorb…
Gautam Satnami vs State of Chhattisgarh
SC · 7 April 2026
[2026] 4 S.C.R. 417 : 2026 INSC 325
Whether in the facts and circumstances of the case, the appellant is entitled to the benefit of doubt and ought to be acquitted of the charge u/s.302 IPC.
State Of Punjab vs Sonu Singh
P&H HC · 19 March 2026
The respondent-convict Sonu Singh was convicted by the Additional Sessions Judge, Fast Track Special Court (POCSO), Ludhiana, under Section 6 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 and Section 302 o…
Pooranmal vs The State of Rajasthan & Anr.
SC · 10 March 2026
[2026] 3 S.C.R. 314 : 2026 INSC 217
Whether the conviction of the appellant-P based solely on circumstantial evidence as convicted by the trial court and upheld by the High Court could be sustained in law. Whether the incriminating evidence are proved by c…
Dashwanth vs State of Tamil Nadu
SC · 8 October 2025
[2025] 10 S.C.R. 587 : 2025 INSC 1203
Trial Court found appellant guilty for the charges framed u/ss.302, 201, 363, 366 and 354-B of the IPC and s.8 r/w. s.7 and s.6 r/w. s.5(m) of the POCSO Act. An appeal against the said conviction was dismissed by the Hig…
Nazim & Ors. vs The State of Uttarakhand
SC · 6 October 2025
[2025] 10 S.C.R. 263 : 2025 INSC 1184
Whether the prosecution has succeeded in establishing, beyond a reasonable doubt, a complete chain of circumstances leading only to the conclusion of guilt of the Appellants, or whether the circumstances leave room for r…
Thammineni Bhaskar vs The State of Andhra Pradesh
SC · 17 September 2025
[2025] 9 S.C.R. 1064 : 2025 INSC 1124
Issue arose as regards the correctness of the order passed by the courts below convicting and sentencing the appellant u/ss.302, 364 and 201 IPC for kidnapping and murder of the informant’s son.
Akhtar Ali @ Ali Akhtar @ Shamim @ Raja Ustad vs State of Uttarakhand
SC · 10 September 2025
[2025] 9 S.C.R. 585 : 2025 INSC 1097
Whether the conviction of the appellants, as recorded by the trial Court and affirmed by the High Court, deserves to be upheld or whether they are entitled to acquittal.
Putai vs State of Uttar Pradesh
SC · 26 August 2025
[2025] 8 S.C.R. 2108 : 2025 INSC 1042
The accused-appellants were convicted for the offences punishable u/ss.376(2)(g), 201 and 302 of Penal Code, 1860. The High Court dismissed the appeals against conviction preferred by the accused-appellants.
Neelam Kumari vs The State of Himachal Pradesh
SC · 20 August 2025
[2025] 8 S.C.R. 1464 : 2025 INSC 1013
Whether the conviction and sentence of the appellant u/s.302, IPC for the murder of her infant son ought to be set aside.
State of Karnataka vs Sri Darshan Etc.
SC · 14 August 2025
[2025] 9 S.C.R. 194 : 2025 INSC 979
Whether the order of the High Court granting bail to the respondents-accused persons in a case involving serious charges u/ss.302, 120B, and 34 IPC is perverse and legally unsustainable, warranting cancellation of bail.
Shail Kumari vs State of Chhattisgarh
SC · 6 August 2025
[2025] 8 S.C.R. 599 : 2025 INSC 936
Whether the conviction, as recorded by the trial Court and affirmed by the High Court was totally based on conjectures and surmises; whether the conviction of the appellant u/s.302 IPC is sustainable in law.
Byluru Thippaiah @ Byaluru Thippaiah @ Nayakara Thippaiah vs State of Karnataka
SC · 16 July 2025
[2025] 7 S.C.R. 550 : 2025 INSC 862
Issue arose as regards commutation of the death sentence awarded to the appellant for committing brutal murder of his wife, sister-inlaw and his three children.
Kattavellai @ Devakar vs State of Tamilnadu
SC · 15 July 2025
[2025] 7 S.C.R. 984 : 2025 INSC 845
Issue arose as to the correctness of the order passed by the High Court upholding the order of the conviction and death sentence of the appellant for offence punishable u/ss.302, 376 and 397 IPC.
Kum. Shubha @ Shubhashankar vs State of Karnataka & Anr.
SC · 14 July 2025
[2025] 7 S.C.R. 859 : 2025 INSC 830
Whether in the facts and circumstances of the case, the conviction of the appellants by the High Court u/s.302 read with s.120-B, IPC and additionally, s.201, IPC for A-4 alone, is justified.
Rahil & Anr. vs State (Govt. of N.C.T. of Delhi)
SC · 25 June 2025
[2025] 6 S.C.R. 607 : 2025 INSC 858
Whether the High Court erred in reversing the acquittal passed by the trial court and convicting the appellants for offence u/s.302, Penal Code, 1860 and sentencing them to life imprisonment.
Vaibhav vs The State of Maharashtra
SC · 4 June 2025
[2025] 7 S.C.R. 407 : 2025 INSC 800
In a case based on circumstantial evidence where there were missing links in the chain of circumstances, whether the finding of the High Court regarding the conviction of the appellant for offences u/ss.302, 201 r/w s.34…
Chetan vs The State of Karnataka
SC · 30 May 2025
[2025] 5 S.C.R. 906 : 2025 INSC 793
Matter pertains to the correctness of the order passed by the courts below convicting and sentencing the appellant u/ss.302, 304 IPC, and u/ss.3, 5 of the Arms Act, 1959.
Padman Bibhar vs State of Odisha
SC · 21 May 2025
[2025] 5 S.C.R. 1116 : 2025 INSC 751
Whether appellant can be convicted only on the basis of evidence on ‘last seen together’.
Ramkirat Munilal Goud vs State of Maharashtra Etc.
SC · 7 May 2025
[2025] 6 S.C.R. 513 : 2025 INSC 702
Matter pertains to the correctness of the order passed by the High Court upholding the conviction and death sentence of the appellant for causing rape and murder of a child aged 3 years and 9 months.
Subhash Aggarwal vs The State of NCT of Delhi
SC · 17 April 2025
[2025] 4 S.C.R. 1320 : 2025 INSC 499
Filicide or suicide is the vexing question in the instant case where a father was tried and convicted u/s.302 of the Penal Code, 1860 r/w. s.25/27 of the Arms Act, 1959.
State of Rajasthan vs Chatra
SC · 18 March 2025
[2025] 4 S.C.R. 95 : 2025 INSC 360
Whether the High Court erred in reversing the conviction of the respondent-accused under Section 376, Penal Code, 1860 for the rape of a minor girl and acquitting him.
Karandeep Sharma @ Razia @ Raju vs State of Uttarakhand
SC · 4 March 2025
[2025] 3 S.C.R. 1482 : 2025 INSC 444
In a case based on circumstantial evidence, whether the concurrent conviction of the appellant-accused for the kidnapping, rape/sexual assault and murder of a minor is sustainable.
The State of Chattisgarh vs Ashok Bhoi Etc.
SC · 27 February 2025
[2025] 2 S.C.R. 1785 : 2025 INSC 256
Whether the High Court was justified in allowing the criminal appeal preferred by accused-respondent and dismissing acquittal appeal preferred by the State, thereby acquitting both the accused persons.
The State of Madhya Pradesh vs Balveer Singh
SC · 24 February 2025
[2025] 2 S.C.R. 836 : 2025 INSC 261
Does the Evidence Act, 1872 prescribe any particular age as a determinative factor to treat a witness to be a competent witness; Does the Evidence Act treat evidence of a child on the same footing as any other witness; B…
Md. Bani Alam Mazid @ Dhan vs State of Assam
SC · 24 February 2025
[2025] 2 S.C.R. 2006 : 2025 INSC 260
In a case where the appellant alongwith a co-accused was alleged to have kidnapped and murdered the minor daughter of PW1, the issues for consideration were: (i) Whether the chain of circumstantial evidence based on whic…
Ramesh A. Naika vs The Registrar General, High Court of Karnataka Etc.
SC · 13 February 2025
[2025] 2 S.C.R. 1721 : 2025 INSC 303
Appellant-R, a bank manager, was convicted of murdering his two minor children, along with his sister-in-law and mother-inlaw, in June 2010. His motive stemmed from disapproval of his sister-in-law’s relationship, which…
Ravi vs The State of Punjab
SC · 10 February 2025
[2025] 2 S.C.R. 526 : 2025 INSC 170
Issue arose as regards the correctness of the order passed by the High Court convicting the appellant-husband for the murder of his wife.

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