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Supreme Court and High Courts judgments on Cheque dishonour (Section 138 NI Act)

85 judgments, latest first, from 2018 to 2026. A judgment is listed here when its headnote names this subject: the Supreme Court Reports' own headnote (filed under the provisions below, or naming the subject), or an AI-written headnote that was reviewed and approved. A mention in the full text alone does not count.

Provisions
Section 138, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 47Section 143A, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 5
Renuka vs The State of Maharashtra and Another
SC · 7 April 2026
[2026] 5 S.C.R. 26 : 2026 INSC 327
Whether the Sessions Court as well as the High Court erred in holding that the complaint as filed by the appellant u/s.138 of the N.I. Act was liable to be dismissed at the pre-trial stage on the ground that the cheque i…
Mudra Developers vs M/S Aashirvad Infra Developers
Karnataka HC · 22 January 2026
The petitioners/accused challenged the order dated 04-12-2025 passed by the IIIrd Additional District and Sessions Judge, Dakshina Kannada, Mangalore, rejecting the revision against the order of the Judicial Magistrate F…
S. Nagesh vs Shobha S. Aradhya
SC · 6 January 2026
[2026] 1 S.C.R. 183 : 2026 INSC 27
Issue arose as regards the correctness of the order passed by the Magistrate taking cognizance of the respondent’s complaint u/s.138 of the NI Act, even before the delay of two days in its presentation was condoned.
Karinki Krishna Kanth vs State Of Telangana And Another
Telangana HC · 18 November 2025
The petitioner, accused No.1 and director of M/s Dhruthi Infra Projects Limited, filed a criminal petition under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, seeking quashing of proceedings in C.C.No.11868 of 202…
Vijay Kumar vs Sumit Bhardwaj
Delhi HC · 12 November 2025
The petitioner/complainant filed a leave petition under Section 378(4) Cr.P.C. before the Delhi High Court seeking leave to appeal against the acquittal of the respondent under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments A…
Poonam vs Dule Singh & Ors.
SC · 6 November 2025
[2025] 12 S.C.R. 1 : 2025 INSC 1284
The High Court upheld the judgment of the trial Court by recording a finding that by failing to disclose conviction in the affidavit filed along with nomination form, there was a breach of Rule 24-A of the Madhya Pradesh…
Sankar Padam Thapa vs Vijaykumar Dineshchandra Agarwal
SC · 9 October 2025
[2025] 11 S.C.R. 197 : 2025 INSC 1210
Whether in the absence of a Trust being made an accused in a complaint under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, when a Cheque has been issued on behalf of a Trust, the said complaint would be maintainable against the…
Dhanasingh Prabhu vs Chandrasekar & Another
SC · 14 July 2025
[2025] 7 S.C.R. 655 : 2025 INSC 831
The appellant-complainant advanced a loan of Rs.21,00,000/- to the respondents, who are partners in the partnership firm 'Mouriya Coirs'. In discharge of the debt, respondent No.1 issued a cheque on behalf of the firm wh…
HDFC Bank Limited vs State of Maharashtra and Anr.
SC · 22 May 2025
[2025] 5 S.C.R. 2162 : 2025 INSC 759
Issue arose whether the High Court was justified in quashing the complaint insofar as respondent no.2-director of the company on the ground that necessary averments to invoke the vicarious liability against the responden…
Rajendra Anant Varik vs Govind B. Prabhugaonkar
SC · 6 May 2025
[2025] 6 S.C.R. 303 : 2025 INSC 633
Whether the High Court was justified in reversing the judgment of the First Appellate Court acquitting the appellant-accused and setting aside his conviction u/s.138, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 as recorded by the t…
Ashok S/O Siddappa Bankar vs Fayaz Aahmad S/O Aurangzeb Naikar
Karnataka HC · 28 April 2025
The petitioner filed a criminal petition under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C. (Section 528 of BNSS) seeking to quash proceedings in CC No. 12253/2024 pending before the I Additional Civil Judge and JMFC Court, Hubballi, for…
S.C. Garg vs State of Uttar Pradesh & Anr.
SC · 16 April 2025
[2025] 5 S.C.R. 627 : 2025 INSC 493
The appellant’s petition u/s.482 of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 seeking quashment of Criminal Case No. 7489 of 2002 pending on the file of Chief Judicial Magistrate for offences u/s.420 of the Penal Code, 1860 was…
M/s Celestium Financial vs A. Gnanasekaran Etc.
SC · 8 April 2025
[2025] 4 S.C.R. 2612 : 2025 INSC 804
Issue arose as regards the maintainability of an appeal under proviso to s.372 CrPC against order of acquittal in a case instituted upon a private complaint u/s.138 Negotiable Instruments Act, by treating the complainant…
Ashok Singh vs State of Uttar Pradesh & Anr.
SC · 2 April 2025
[2025] 4 S.C.R. 504 : 2025 INSC 427
Whether the High Court erred in setting aside the concurrent findings of guilt and the consequent conviction of the respondent no.2-accused under Section 138, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881.
Rakesh Bhanot vs M/s. Gurdas Agro Pvt. Ltd.
SC · 1 April 2025
[2025] 4 S.C.R. 573 : 2025 INSC 445
Issue arose whether the proceedings initiated against the appellants u/s.138 rw s.141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act should be stayed in view of the interim moratorium u/s.96 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 201…
Rekha Sharad Ushir vs Saptashrungi Mahila Nagari Sahkari Patsansta Ltd.
SC · 26 March 2025
[2025] 3 S.C.R. 1189 : 2025 INSC 399
Whether the complaint filed by the respondent-Credit Co-operative Society under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 for dishonour of a cheque allegedly issued by the appellant in favour of the respondent,…
Vishnoo Mittal vs M/s Shakti Trading Company
SC · 17 March 2025
[2025] 4 S.C.R. 41 : 2025 INSC 346
Whether the High Court was justified in relying upon P. Mohan Raj case which held that the immunity granted by the moratorium order issued under Section 14, IBC can only be obtained by a Corporate Debtor and not by a nat…
M/s Shri Sendhur Agro & Oil Industries vs Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd.
SC · 6 March 2025
[2025] 3 S.C.R. 714 : 2025 INSC 328
Issue arose whether a complaint filed u/s.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, can be ordered to be transferred from one court to the other having territorial jurisdiction to try the offence in exercise of powers u/s.4…
Saranga Anilkumar Aggarwal vs Bhavesh Dhirajlal Sheth & Ors.
SC · 4 March 2025
[2025] 3 S.C.R. 325 : 2025 INSC 314
Whether the execution of penalty orders passed by the NCDRC can be stayed under the interim moratorium provisions of s.96 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.
Kamalkishor Shrigopal Taparia vs India Ener-Gen Private Limited & Anr.
SC · 13 February 2025
[2025] 3 S.C.R. 91 : 2025 INSC 223
Whether the High Court was justified in dismissing the petitions filed by the Appellant-an independent non-executive director under Section 482, CrPC seeking quashing of criminal proceedings initiated against him under S…
M/s Naresh Potteries vs M/s Aarti Industries and Another
SC · 2 January 2025
[2025] 1 S.C.R. 40 : 2025 INSC 1
Issue arose as regards whether the complaint filed by the appellant u/s. 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 is in accordance with the requirement u/s.142 of the NI Act.
Bijoy Kumar Moni vs Paresh Manna & Anr.
SC · 20 December 2024
[2024] 12 S.C.R. 1946 : 2024 INSC 1024
The dishonoured cheque in question was signed by respondentaccused, in his capacity as Director and Authorised Signatory of the Company Shilabati Hospital Pvt. Ltd., on the account maintained by the Company with Standard…
Baldev Dass vs State Of Punjab And Another
P&H HC · 18 December 2024
The petitioner, an accused in a cheque dishonour case under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, filed a petition seeking transfer of the criminal trial from District Barnala to District Fatehgarh Sahib o…
Bijay Agarwal vs M/s Medilines
SC · 21 October 2024
[2024] 10 S.C.R. 1890 : 2024 INSC 918
Whether the signatory of a cheque authorized by the Company is a drawer and whether such a signatory could be directed to deposit any sum out of the fine or compensation awarded by the trial Court u/s.148 of the Negotiab…
M/s S.S. Production and Anr. P1: M/s S. S. Production P2: TR. S. Subbiah vs TR. Pavithran Prasanth
SC · 1 October 2024
[2024] 10 S.C.R. 2248 : 2024 INSC 1059
Issue arose as to whether the courts below were justified in convicting the petitioners u/s.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 for dishonour of cheques and sentencing them to six months of simple imprisonment an…
Sri Sujies Benefit Funds Limited vs M. Jaganathuan
SC · 13 August 2024
[2024] 8 S.C.R. 322 : 2024 INSC 602
In order to partly discharge the loan amount, a cheque was issued by the respondent-accused for a sum of Rs.19,00,000/-. However, the cheque was returned with the endorsement ‘Account Closed’. Whether a discrepancy aprop…
Soman E vs Faisal K
Kerala HC · 9 August 2024
The accused was convicted under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 by the Judicial First Class Magistrate Court, Payyoli and sentenced to simple imprisonment till the rising of the Court along with a dir…
Sri Dattatraya vs Sharanappa
SC · 7 August 2024
[2024] 8 S.C.R. 121 : 2024 INSC 586
Whether the High Court had rightly affirmed the acquittal of the respondent in a complaint case moved for the offence punishable u/s. 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 by its judgment dated 03.03.2023.
Shri Gurudatta Sugars Marketing Pvt. Ltd. vs Prithviraj Sayajirao Deshmukh & Ors.
SC · 24 July 2024
[2024] 7 S.C.R. 1211 : 2024 INSC 551
Whether the signatory of the cheque, authorized by the “Company”, is the “drawer” and whether such signatory could be directed to pay interim compensation in terms of section 143-A of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881…
A.S. Pharma Pvt. Ltd. vs Nayati Medical Pvt. Ltd. & Ors.
SC · 23 July 2024
[2024] 7 S.C.R. 1476 : 2024 INSC 690
High Court whether justified in exercising its inherent power under Section 482, Cr.P.C and the power under Section 147, N.I. Act, 1881 to compound the offence u/s.138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, despite the…

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